Navigating end-of-life options for PFAS-laden GAC / Angela Rodriguez.

Abstract: Reactivating granular activated carbon (GAC) helps utilities break the per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) cycle, meet regulatory compliance, and practice responsible resource management. As PFAS regulations drive wider adoption of GAC treatment, utilities must carefully consider how PFAS-laden GAC media are maanged at the end of its service. Landfilling, regeneration, and incineration offer pathways but come with trade-offs. GAC reactivation stands apart as a full-scale solution.